College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences > Academics > History of Art & Architecture > About > The Jaroslav Folda Archive > Jaroslav Folda CV

Jaroslav Folda CV

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Jaroslav Folda at the Bab al-Qattanin in Jerusalem
Cotton Market, Jerusalem, 2016 (Photo: L. Mahoney)

Jaroslav Folda
(Jaroslav Thayer Folda, III)
Chapel Hill, NC
jfolda@email.unc.edu



Education​

Johns Hopkins University, PhD “with distinction," 1968
Dissertation: “The Illustrations in Manuscripts of the History of Outremer by William of Tyre"

Princeton University, BA “cum laude in historia," 1962
Senior Thesis: “The Fourth Crusade"

​Professional Appointments

N. Ferebee Taylor Professor emeritus, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 2008-present
N. Ferebee Taylor Professor of the History of Art, University of North Carolina, 1996-2008
Chairman, Department of Art, University of North Carolina, 1983-1987
Professor of the History of Art, University of North Carolina, 1978-1996
Associate Professor, Department of Art, University of North Carolina, 1972-1978
​​Assistant Professor, Department of Art, University of North Carolina, 1968-1972

​Grants and Fellowships

  • N. Ferebee Taylor Professorship Research Fund, 2005-2008
  • National Humanities Center, Fellow, 2007
  • Johnston Fund, supplement to the N. Ferebee Taylor Professorial Research Fund, 2004-2005
  • Kress Foundation Publication Award, 2004
  • University Research Council, Publication Grant, 2004
  • Millard Meiss Publication Award, College Art Association, 2003-2004
  • Johnston Fund, supplement to the N. Ferebee Taylor Professorial Research Fund, 2003-2004
  • Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Art (CASVA), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fellow, 2002
  • Institute for the Arts and Humanities, West House, University of North Carolina, Fellow, 2001
  • National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, N.C., Allen W. Clowes Fellow, 1998-1999
  • Fellowship for University Teachers, National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), 1998-1999
  • Kress Foundation Travel Grant, 1996
  • Visiting Scholar, J.Paul Getty Museum, Malibu and Santa Monica, CA, 1995
  • Institute for the Arts and Humanities, West House, University of North Carolina, Fellow, 1995
  • University Research Council, Publication Grant, 1994
  • John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, Publication Grant, 1994
  • College of Arts and Sciences, Committee on Assistance for Scholarly Publication Grant, 1993
  • University Research Council, Publication Grant, 1993
  • Summer Research Grant, American Philosophical Society, 1992
  • University Research Council, Research Stipend, 1992
  • Travel Grant, International Exchange Board (IREX), 1992
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1991
  • John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, 1988-1989
  • National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, N.C., Delta Delta Delta Fellow, 1988-1989
  • Pogue Award, University of North Carolina, 1988-1989
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1987
  • Travel Grant, ACLS, 1987
  • Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts (CASVA), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Ailsa Mellon Bruce Senior Fellow, 1986
  • Summer Research Stipend, National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), 1985
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1983
  • Travel Grant, ACLS, 1983
  • Fellowship for Independent Study and Research, National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), 1981-1982
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1979
  • Travel Grant, ACLS, 1979
  • Research Grant, Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, 1979
  • Summer Research Grant, American Philosophical Society, 1978
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1978
  • Summer Visitor, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J., 1976
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1976
  • Younger Humanist Fellowship, National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), W.F. Albright Institute, Jerusalem, 1974-1975
  • Grant-in-Aid, ACLS, 1973
  • Summer Research Stipend, Duke-UNC Cooperative Program in the Humanities, 1971
  • Summer Research Stipend, University Research Council, University of North Carolina, 1970
  • Junior Fellow, Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington, DC, 1967-1968
  • Fulbright Grant, Paris, France, 1966-1967

​Awards and Honors

  • Establishment of the Jaroslav Folda Archive, Department of History of Art and Architecture, curator, Dr. Lisa Mahoney (in progress), 2018
  • Lecture in honor of Jaroslav Folda on the occasion of his retirement, Dr. Lila Yawn, “Toward a New Topography of the Italian Giant Bible," Society of Fellows and the American Academy in Rome together with the American Bible Association, New York Liturgy Group, 28 February, 2008
  • Three sessions (organized by former students), “Intersecting Worlds: Art Historical Studies in Honor of Jaroslav T. Folda, III," 42nd International Congress of Medieval Studies, Kalamazoo, MI, May 10, 2007
  • Fellow, Medieval Academy of America, 2002
  • Book dedication, by Mary Coker Joslin and Caroline Joslin Watson, The Egerton Genesis (London and Toronto: British Library and University of Toronto Press, 2001), 2001
  • Appointment, Academy of Distinguished Scholar Teachers, University of North Carolina, 2000
  • The Haskins Medal, for distinguished scholarship in Medieval Studies, The Medieval Academy of America, 1999
  • Distinguished Teaching Award, Post-Baccalaureate Instruction, University of North Carolina, 1998
  • Sponenburgh Lecturer, Willamette University, Salem, OR, 1997
  • Tanner Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, University of North Carolina, 1994

​Bibliography on Folda

Lisa Mahoney, "Jaroslav Folda." In Rewriting the Middle Ages. IV. Crusades and Military Orders​, edited by Julia Pavon and Maria Bonet Donato.  Turnhout: Brepols, 2024 (forthcoming)

“Jaroslav Folda," Wikipedia

“Professor Jaroslav Folda," Resources for Studying the Crusades, Queen Mary College, University of London

“Jaroslav Folda," Contemporary Authors (Gale Reference, 2007)

​Publications: Books and Edited Volumes

Byzantine Art and Italian Panel Painting: The Virgin and Child Hodegetria and the Art of Chrysography. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015

Crusader Art: The Art of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, 1099-1291. London, Aldershot and Burlington, VT: Lund Humphries/Ashgate, 2008

Crusader Art in the Holy Land, from the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre: 1187-1291. Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2005

The Art of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, 1098-1187. Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1995

The Nazareth Capitals and the Crusader Shrine of the Annunciation, College Art Association Monograph Series, vol. 42 (University Park and London: Penn State University Press, 1986

Chairman, editorial committee, Hugo Buchthal's Art of the Mediterranean World: A.D. 100 to 1400. Washington, D.C.: Decatur House Press, 1982

Editor, Crusader Art in the Twelfth Century, British Archeological Reports, International Series, vol. 152. Oxford: BAR, 1982

Assisting editor to K.M. Setton, ed., A History of the Crusades, vol. IV, H.W. Hazard, ed., The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1977

Crusader Manuscript Illumination at Saint-Jean d'Acre: 1275-1291. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976

​Publications: Articles and Essays in Volumes

“Crusader Gothic: Artistic Imitation, Interaction, and Transfer." In Transfer Culturels/Cultural Transfers:  France et Orient Latin aux XIIe et XIIIe siecles, edited by Martin Aurell, Marisa Galvez and Estelle Ingrand-Varenne, 23-60. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2021

“Two Icons of the Virgin and Child Hodegetria from St. Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai: Byzantine or Crusader?" In Art and Material Culture in the Byzantine and Muslim Worlds: Studies in Honour of Erica Cruikshank Dodd, edited by Evanthia Baboula and Lesley Jessop, 33-54. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2021
 
“Crusader Sculpture at Nazareth:  Some Reconsiderations." In The Basilica of the Annunciation in Nazareth: Where the Word Became Flesh, edited by Einat Segal, Assaf Pinkus and Gil Fishhof, 17-37. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, 2020

 “East Meets West: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States." In A Companion to Medieval Art: Romanesque and Gothic in Northern Europe, edited by Conrad Rudolph, 705-27. 2nd revised and updated ed., Hoboken: John Wiley-Blackwell, 2019 (first ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006, pp. 488-509)

“The Crusader Church of the Holy Sepulchre: Design, Depiction and the Pilgrim Church of Compostela." In Tomb and Temple: Reimagining the Sacred Buildings of Jerusalem, edited by Robin Griffith-Jones and Eric Fernie, 95-119. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2018

“The Berlin Virgin and Child Enthroned with Angels and the Art of Chrysography." In Crusader Landscapes in the Medieval Levant: The Archaeology and History of the Latin East, edited by Micaela Sinibaldi, Kevin J. Lewis, Balazs Major, and Jennifer A. Thompson, 323-38. Cardiff:  University of Wales Press, 2016

“Crusader Art and the West: Thoughts on Assessing the Impact of Art from the Crusader East on Medieval Art in Western Europe, Especially in Central Italy." In The Crusader World, edited by Adrian J. Boas, 624-45. London and New York: Routledge, 2016

“12th-Century Pilgrimage Art in Bethlehem and Jerusalem: Points of Contact between Europe and the Crusader Kingdom." In Romanesque and the Mediterranean, edited by Rosa Maria Bacile and John McNeill, 1-14. London: Routledge, 2015

“The Use of Çintamani as Ornament: A Case Study in the Afterlife of Forms." In Byzantine Images and Their Afterlives: Studies in Honor of Annemarie Weyl Carr, edited by Lynn Jones, 183-204. Farnham/Burlington: Ashgate, 2014

“Pilgrimage Sites in Jerusalem and Bethlehem with Reflections of the Pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in the 12th Century." In Peregrino, ruta y meta en las peregrinationes maiores, edited by Rosa Vázquez, 397-415. Santiago de Compostela: Xunta de Galicia, 2012

 “Melisende of Jerusalem: Queen and Patron of Art and Architecture in the Crusader Kingdom." In Reassessing the Roles of Women as “Makers" of Medieval Art and Architecture, edited by Therese Martin, vol. 1, 429-77. Leiden: Brill, 2012

“Commemorating the Fall of Jerusalem: Remembering the First Crusade in Text, Liturgy, and Image." In Remembering the Crusades: Myth, Image, and Identity, edited by Nicholas Paul and Suzanne Yaeger, 125-45. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012

“Sacred Objects with Holy Light:  Byzantine Icons with Chrysography." In Byzantine Religious Culture: Studies in Honor of Alice-Mary Talbot, edited by Elizabeth Fisher, Denis Sullivan, and Stratis Papaioannou, 155-71. Leiden: Brill, 2012

“The Panorama of the Crusades, 1096-1218, as Seen in Yates Thompson MS 12 in the British Library." In The Study of Medieval Manuscripts of England: Festschrift in Honor of Richard W. Pfaff, edited by George H. Brown and Linda Ehrsam Voigts, 253-80. Turnhout: Brepols, 2010

“Byzantine Chrysography in Crusader Art and Italian Maniera Greca Painting." In Anathemata Eortika: Festschrift for Thomas Mathews, edited by Joseph D. Alchermes, 160-66. Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2009

“An Icon of the Crucifixion and the Nativity at Sinai: Investigating the Pictorial Language of its Ornamental Vocabulary: Chrysography, Pearl-dot Haloes, and Çintamani." In In Laudem Hierosolymitani: Studies in Crusades and Medieval Culture in Honour of Benjamin Z. Kedar, edited by Iris Shagrir, Ronnie Ellenblum, and Jonathan Riley-Smith, 163-79. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2007

“Crusader Artistic Interactions with the Mongols in the Thirteenth Century: Figural Imagery, Weapons, and the Çintamani Design." In Interactions, Artistic Interchange Between the Eastern and Western Worlds in the Medieval Period, edited by Colum Hourihane, 147-66. University Park: Penn State University Press, 2007

“Mounted Warrior Saints in Crusader Icons: Images of the Knighthoods of Christ," In Knighthoods of Christ: Essays on the History of the Crusades and the Knights Templar, Presented to Malcolm Barber, edited by Norman Housley, 87-107. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2007

“An Icon of the Crucifixion and the Nativity at Sinai: Investigating its Visual Language." In Pictorial Languages and Their Meanings: Liber Amicorum in Honor of Nurith Kenaan-Kedar, edited by Christine B. Verzar and Gil Fishhof, 119-32. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press, 2006

“East Meets West: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States." In A Companion to Medieval Art: Romanesque and Gothic in Northern Europe, edited by Conrad Rudolph, 488-509. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006

“Figural Art in the Crusader Kingdom: Some New Realities." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 58 (2004): 315-331

“Before Louis IX: Crusader Art, 1191-1244." In France and the Holy Land: Frankish Culture at the End of the Crusades, edited by Daniel H. Weiss and Lisa Mahoney, 138-57. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004

“The Freiburg Leaf: Crusader Art and Loca Sancta Around the Year 1200." In The Experience of Crusading, a Festschrift in Honour of Jonathan Riley-Smith, edited by Peter Edbury and Jonathan Phillips, vol. 2, 113-34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003

“Icon to Altarpiece in the Frankish East: Images of the Virgin and Child Enthroned." In Italian Panel Painting of the Duecento and Trecento, edited by Victor M. Schmidt, 123-45. Washington, D.C., National Gallery of Art, 2002

“Reflections on the Mellon Madonna as a Work of Crusader Art: Links with Crusader Art on Cyprus." In Dei gesta per Francos: Festschrift in Honour of Jean Richard, edited by Michel Balard, Benjamin Z. Kedar, and Jonathan Riley-Smith, 361-71. Aldershot/Brookfield: Ashgate, 2001

“Problems in the Iconography of the Art of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, 1098-1291/1917-1997." In Image and Belief: Studies in Celebration of the 80th Anniversary of the Index of Christian Art, edited by Colum Hourihane, 11-18. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999

“Art in the Latin East, 1098-1291." In Oxford History of the Crusades, edited by Jonathan Riley-Smith, 138-54. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999

“Icon or Altarpiece? Reflections on the Kahn and Mellon Madonnas." Ideas, from the National Humanities Center 6 (1999): 42-55

“The South Transept Façade of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem: An Aspect of Rebuilding Zion." In The Crusades and Their Sources: Studies Presented to Bernard Hamilton, edited by John France, 239-57. London: Ashgate, 1998

“Jerusalem and the Holy Sepulchre Through the Eyes of Crusader Pilgrims," Jewish Art 23/24 (1997/1998): 158-164

“Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 5334 and the Origins of the Hospitaller Master." In Montjoie: Studies in Crusade History in Honour of Hans Eberhard Mayer, edited by Benjamin Z. Kedar, Jonathan Riley-Smith, Rudolf Hiestand, 177-87. London: Variorum, 1997

“Crusader Art, A Multicultural Phenomenon: Historiographical Reflections." In Autour de la Première Croisade, edited by Michel Balard, 609-15. Paris:  Publications de la Sorbonne, 1996

“The Hospitaller Master in Paris and Acre: Some Reconsiderations in Light of New Evidence." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 54 (1996): 51-59, 269-272

“Crusader Art in the Twelfth Century: Reflections on Christian Multiculturalism in the Levant." Mediterranean Historical Review 10 (1995): 80-91. Reprinted in Intercultural Contacts in the Medieval Mediterranean, edited by Benjamin Arbel, 80-91. London, Portland OR: Frank Cass, 1996

“Crusader Art in the Kingdom of Cyprus, 1275-1291: Reflections on the State of the Question," In Cyprus and the Crusades, edited by Nicholas Coureas and Jonathan Riley-Smith, 209-37. Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre, 1995

“Art in the Latin East, 1098-1291." In Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades, edited by Jonathan Riley-Smith, 141-59. Oxford New York, Oxford University Press, 1995

“The Kahn and Mellon Madonnas: Icon or Altarpiece?" In Byzantine East, Latin West: Art-Historical Studies in Honor of Kurt Weitzmann, edited by Christopher Moss and Katherine Kiefer, 501-10. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995

(with Peter Edbury) “Two Thirteenth-Century Manuscripts of Crusader Legal Texts from Saint-Jean d'Acre." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 57 (1994): 243-254

“Images of Queen Melisende in Manuscripts of William of Tyre's History of Outremer, 1250-1300." Gesta 32 (1993): 97-112

“A Twelfth-Century Prayerbook for the Queen of Jerusalem." Medieval Perspectives 8 (1993): 1-14

“The Saint Marina Icon: Maniera Cypria, Lingua Franca, or Crusader Art?" In Four Icons in the Menil Collection, edited by Bertrand Davezac (The Menil Collection Monographs, vol. 1), 106-33. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992

“Reflections on Art in Crusader Jerusalem About the Time of the Second Crusade, c. 1140-c. 1150." In The Second Crusade and the Cistercians, edited by Michael Gervers, 171-82. New York, 1992

“The Church of Saint Anne." Biblical Archaeologist 54 (1991): 88-96

“Problems of the Crusader Sculptures at the Church of the Annunciation in Nazareth." In The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades, edited by Vladimir P. Goss and Christine Verzàr. 133-44. Kalamazoo: Western Michigan University, 1986

“A Fourth Capital from the Chapel of the Repose in Jerusalem." Levant 15 (1983): 194-195

(with Pamela French and Pierre Coupel) “Crusader Frescoes at Crac des Chevaliers and Marqab Castle." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 36 (1982): 177-230

“Crusader Painting in the 13th Century: The State of the Question." In Il medio oriente e l'occidente nell'arte del XIII secolo, edited by Hans Belting, 103-15. Bologna: CLUEB, 1982  

“Three Crusader Capitals in Jerusalem." Levant 10 (1978): 139-155

“Painting and Sculpture in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem." In The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States, edited by Kenneth M. Setton. Vol. 4 of A History of the Crusades, edited by Harry W. Hazard, 251-280. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1977

“Crusader Art and Architecture: A Photographic Survey," In The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States, edited by Kenneth M. Setton. Vol. 4 of A History of the Crusades, edited by Harry W. Hazard, 281-88. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1977

“Manuscripts of the History of Outremer by William of Tyre: A Handlist." Scriptorium 27 (1973): 90-95

“A Crusader Manuscript from Antioch." Rendiconti 42 (1969-1970): 283-298

“The Fourth Crusade 1201-1203: Some Reconsiderations." Byzantinoslavica 26 (1965): 277-290

Publications: Catalog Essays and Entries

Jerusalem: 1000-1400: Every People under Heaven, edited by Barbara Boehm and Melanie Holcomb. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art and Yale University Press, 2016; s.v. “Sharing the Church of the Holy Sepulchre During the Crusader Period" (131-33 and 303) and entries on pages 63 (exh. cat. 26); 102 (exh. cat. 46); 180-181 (exh. cat. 96); 182 (exh. cat. 97); 186-193 (exh. cat. 101a-e); 215-216 (exh. cat. 112-113); 244-246 (exh. cat. 121)

Saladin und die Kreuzfahrer, edited by Alfried Wieczorek, Mamoun Fansa, and Harald Meller. Mannheim and Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 2005; s.v. “What is Crusader Art?" (176-89) and “Scriptoria and Workshops, Scribes and Painters in Crusader Syria/Palestine in the 13th Century" (204-15) and an introduction to and entries on individual manuscripts on pages 176-89 and 204-15 (London, BL, Egerton MS 1139, Paris, BNF, MS fr. 2628, Dijon, Bibl. Mun., MS 562, Brussels, Bibl. Roy., MS 10175, and Perugia, Bibl. Capit. MS 6)

Trésors du Monastère Sainte-Catherine, Mont Sinaï, Egypte, edited by Helen C. Evans. Martigny, Switzerland: Fondation Pierre Gianadda, 2005; entries on pages 64-66, 67-69, 84-87, 97-99, 100-103, 104-106, 110-114, and 115-119

Pilgrimage to Sinai: Treasures from the Holy Monastery of St. Catherine, edited by Anastasis Drandaki. Athens: Benaki Museum, 2004; entries on icons on pages 88-90, 91-93, 108-111, 121-123, 124-127, 128-130, 134-138, and 139-143

Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261-1557), edited by Helen C. Evans. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art/New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2004; s.v. “no. 214, Diptych" (355-56), “no. 216, Triptych" (357-58), “no. 223, Two-sided icon" (365-66), “no. 229, Icon with Saint Sergios" (374), “no. 230, Two-sided icon with the Virgin Hodegetria" (374-75), “no. 231, Icon with Saints George Diasorites and Theodore" (376), “no. 232, Icon with Saints Theodore and Demetrios" (377), “no. 235, Iconostasis beam" (379-81)

L'Arte dei Crociati e il Pellegrinaggio nei Luoghi Santi, edited by Michel Piccirillo, OFM. Milan, Palazzo Reale: Skira Artifice, 2000; s.v. “L'Arte dei Crociati e il Pellegrinaggio nei Luoghi Santi" (35-43) and entries on pages 102, 106, 241, 248, and 249

Les Croisades, L'Orient et l'Occident d'Urbain II à Saint Louis: 1096-1270, edited by Monique Rey-Delqué. Milan and Toulouse: Electa, 1997 ; s.v. “Les Manuscrits enluminés dans les états de la Terre Sainte" (299-305, in both French and Italian)

The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D.  843-1261, edited by Helen C. Evans and William D. Wixom. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997; s.v. “Crusader Art" (388-91) and entries on pages 392-397 (exh. cat. 258-262), 398-399 (exh. cat. 264), 482 (exh. cat. 318), and 496-497 (exh. cat. 332)

Sepphoris in Galilee: Crosscurrents of Culture, edited by Rebecca M. Nagy. Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 1996; s.v. “The Crusader Period and the Church of Saint Anne at Sepphoris" (101-07)

Small Sculpture in Bronze from the Classical World, edited by G. Kenneth Sams. Chapel Hill: The William Hayes Ackland Memorial Art Center, 1976; s.v. “Emperor Constantinus Magnus (A.D. 306-337)"

A Medieval Treasury from Southeastern Collections, edited by Jaroslav Folda and John M. Schnorrenberg. Chapel Hill: The William Hayes Ackland Memorial Art Center, 1971; entries on 16 objects

Ancient Portraits. Chapel Hill: The William Hayes Ackland Memorial Art Center, 1970; s.v. “Helena, Mother of Constantinus Magnus" and entry for exh. cat. 24

Publications: Book Reviews

​Review of Claudio Alessandri, ed. The Restoration of the Nativity Church in Bethlehem (London: CRC Press, 2020), Crusades 20 (2021): 267-75